Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show extreme close ups of plaque, incisors and decay
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They may look like rare plants, or perhaps the surface of a far off planet but these gruesome 'alien invaders' are in fact the plaque that coats your teeth, providing a stark reminder of the consequences of poor dental hygiene.
Enough to make anyone book an appointment to see a dentist, these scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show extreme close ups of plaque, incisors and decay, revealing the effects of bacteria lurking in the mouth.
The set includes shots of the pink surface of dental plaque and a blue carpet of bacteria on a yellow tooth, while other images include plaque nestled among the bristles of a used toothbrush.
The pictures were taken with a microscope that scans a sample with a focused beam of electrons, and the images are then coloured either digitally or by hand to distinguish the decay and plaque and illuminate the miniscule particles that are not visible to the human eye.
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Stuck on the surface: This magnified image shows a blue carpet of spherical bacteria and red blood cells clinging to the surface of the yellow tooth
Pointing it out: The plaque in this image has been coloured yellow to show how it clings to the surface of a tooth, marked out in blue
Cutting edge: A freeze-fractured section through a tooth, showing the enamel-forming cell layer (shown in blue)
Illuminate: This image of a surface of dental plaque has been coloured pink to illuminate the miniscule particles that are not visible to the human eye
Alien invasion: This image has been magnified x1000 and coloured to show the plaque-forming bacteria that lurks on teeth
Zooming in: Plaque-forming bacteria found on the surface of a tooth. Bacteria attaches to the tooth, and goes on to form plaque
To tell the tooth: A magnified image of a milk tooth, the bottom of which has been dissolved, a process known as resorption, leaving just the visible crown
The root of the matter: A microscope image of of a human canine milk tooth, found in the corners of the mouth. The canines have long roots as they are used to tear food
Holed up: This close up of a human incisor shows how a cavity has formed. Decay such as this is caused by acid formed by the bacterial fermentation of food debris accumulated on the tooth surface
Effects: Plaque sticks to the surface of the teeth and can harden and calcify if not removed by brushing
Gums: This image reveals a large number of yellow-coloured bacteria in the gingiva, or gums, of a human mouth
Crystal clear: Calcium phosphate crystals which are used in foodstuffs and dental material to help with remineralisation
Other worldly: This may look like some sort of under-the-sea plant, but is in fact a magnified image of the plaque-forming bacteria that gathers on teeth
Given the brush off: These images from the scanning electron microscope show bristles from a used toothbrush covered in dental plaque
Sticky coating: Plaque on the bristles of a used toothbrush. If left, plaque can give rise to tooth decay, as well as problems such as gingivitis
Oral hygiene: The bristles of a toothbrush. Dentists recommend brushing for two minutes at least twice a day to keep plaque at bay
Time for the drill: Before a cavity can be filled, a drill - shown here magnified 28 times - must be used to remove all of the decay
Watch out for the drill: Anyone with a phobia of the dentists' drill will be even more terrified to see it magnified 28 times over in this image
Keeping clean: Interdental toothbrushes, such as this one, are recommended by dentists to help people clean between their teeth and keep plaque at bay
Left behind: An even closer view of a used interdental brush shows the dental plaque left behind after brushing
Pinned down: A coloured scanning electron microscope of a dental pin, the type of which is used to keep false teeth in place
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